Society Maintenance Charges : Meaning, Cost, Types and Calculation

The Supreme Court Judgment on Society Apartment Maintenance Charges clarified that paying society maintenance charges is a legal obligation under the Cooperative Society Act, 1912, and the Respective State Apartment Ownership Acts. The court ruled that all residents, whether owners or tenants, must equally share the cost for upkeep, repair, security and amenities. It emphasised that the refusal to pay violates housing laws and society's bylaws. This judgment ensures community harmony, transparency, and collective responsibility in maintaining apartment complexes efficiently.

Society Maintenance Charges - Quick Info

Maintenance charges for the society are monthly fees paid by residents to cover shared expenses, such as security, cleaning, lighting, and repairs, ensuring the smooth management and upkeep of community amenities.

What are society maintenance charges?

Society collects monthly fees to manage common areas, utilities and amenities. Maintenance charges for the housing society cover the society, cleaning, repairs, and other shared services, ensuring a smooth and efficient community living.

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What are the Common Areas Covered Under Society Maintenance Charges?

The common areas of the housing society require maintenance. The common areas include

• Swimming pool
• Community facilities
• Commercial facilities
• Basements
• Common entrances
• Common exits
• Fire escapes
• Elevators
• Staircases
• Lobbies
• Water tanks
• Parks

• Terraces
• Play areas

All these are kept in good condition using the maintenance charges paid by you every month. In gated societies, inhabitants pay a fixed monthly sum that is used for the upkeep of the society's premises. 

Components of Maintenance Charges

Maintenance charges are collected under the state-specific Cooperative Society Act, 1912 [2], and Apartment Ownership laws to fund the upkeep of common areas, utilities, and amenities, ensuring proper management and the smooth functioning of housing societies. The points below will explain things in a better way:

• Security & Housekeeping: Charges cover security guards, CCTV surveillance, cleaning staff, and housekeeping supplies, ensuring a safe and clean environment. These are mandated under society bylaws and relevant housing laws.
• Utilities & Repair: Includes electricity, water, plumbing, elevator maintenance, and minor repairs. Regular contributions ensure continuous services and compliance with state cooperative and apartment ownership regulations.
• Insurance & Sinking Fund: Funds insurance for common property and contributions to the sinking fund for major repairs. These provisions are required by law to protect society's assets and residents.

Society Maintenance Charges by House/Flat Size

Maintenance fees are often calculated based on flat size or usage. Some societies follow the equal maintenance approach for all flats, ensuring fairness and simplicity for residents.

Calculation of Maintenance Charges as per Society Maintenance Charges Rules

In our country, builders charge between Rs 2 to Rs 25 per square foot, depending on the area and city, as maintenance charges. The maintenance charges are directly proportional to the number of facilities offered within the housing society. If the society management charges Rs 2 per square foot, the facilities offered would be minimal. If the management of the housing society charges nearly Rs 25 per square foot for a similar measurement of property, the facilities offered would be many and luxurious. 

This amount needs to be paid to enjoy the uninterrupted services provided within the society's premises. The operations and maintenance of common services and areas are solely dependent on the maintenance charges. Generally, maintenance charges are paid annually, which can vary from case to case. 

Supreme Court Judgement on Society Maintenance Charges for Tenants

RERA makes it mandatory under Section 4 (d) [3] for the builder to supply and support the services on reasonable charges, till taken over by RWA or the Residents Welfare Association of the housing society. Some of the things that need to be kept are as follows:

• Till the RWA comes into existence, the builder must take care of the maintenance of the society. The builder collects the amount from the homebuyers. Later, RWA can charge as per their rules and regulations.
• The charges are mentioned in the allotment letter, which is issued to the buyer. This letter is issued after the booking amount is paid.
• RERA Act 2016 ensures that homebuyers need not pay any ad-hoc charges to the builder.
• The builder should show these charges at the time of booking
• Non-disclosure of such charges creates confusion at a later stage 
• Many State governments have given clear guidelines on setting the maximum amount of maintenance charges
• No builder can charge more than the amount as prescribed in the guidelines set by the State government.
• Mostly the charges or amounts are calculated based on the area of the flat. So, it may vary for residents depending on the area of their property.
• The frequency of collection of maintenance charges depends solely on the builder. 
• As per the latest circular of the Ministry of Finance, the homebuyers have to pay GST @ 18%. [4] The GST charge is levied if the monthly maintenance charges exceed Rs 7500. 

RERA Rules for Maintenance Charges

A builder can collect the maintenance charges in the following two ways:

• Initially, for a certain period, the builder is responsible for the project's maintenance. For this, he takes maintenance charges, which have to be paid by the owner/ allottee in instalments or a lump sum. 
• The owner or buyer must pay a certain amount for the maintenance of the building. 

These two ways are acceptable to the provisions of the RERA Act but are subject to the following conditions:

• The amount collected as maintenance charge or corpus fund is not entitled to be the income of the builder. 
• The builder needs to open separate bank accounts for depositing corpus funds and maintenance charges. 
• The builder cannot transfer the interest earned on these amounts to his account. It would be accumulated on the same account. 
• Separate ledger or accounts to be kept which have to be certified or audited by a Chartered Account
• At the time of handover of responsibility for maintenance of premises to RWA, the builder should hand over the balance amount. 
• The builder must hand over the accounts statement to RWA. The statement should be duly certified by the a Chartered Accountant. 
• The maintenance charge does not form a source of income for the builder. He is just a managing entity that handles the upkeep of the project till the formation of RWA. 

GST on Society Maintenance charge

Society maintenance charges may attract GST if a certain thresholds are exceeded. This ensures compliance with tax laws while residents contribute to upkeep, security and amenities efficiently. To understand better, check the points below:

• Threshold for GST: GST applies if the monthly maintenance exceeds ₹7,500 per member and the society’s annual turnover is above ₹20 lakh. Charges below this limit are generally exempt under the GST law.
• Applicable GST Rate: When applicable, the GS rate is 18%. This covers services such as security, housekeeping, electricity, and water supplied by the society, as per GST regulations under the Central Goods & Services Tax Act. [5]
• Legal Framework: GST on maintenance is governed by the Central GST Act, 2017 [6] and state GST rules. Societies must issue proper invoices and maintain records to remain compliant with the law.

Flat Maintenance Charges Law

You should know when a builder takes a high amount toward maintenance charges, there are certain rules and regulations. Here we would discuss them:

• In our country, each state government has its own set of laws that regulate housing complexes and apartments.
• Every owner can check the Income Expenditure statement of the project. This is to see whether the amount collected is reasonable or not. 
• The residents should realise the amount they pay as maintenance charges should be similar for all other residents as well
• If there is any law or bylaw introduced, it can be imposed with only 100 per cent of the inhabitants.
• The essential services provided within the premises should only be charged. The maintenance charges should include expenses only for the essential services. For example, if you do not use a swimming pool, it cannot form a part of your maintenance.
• As per RERA laws, the builder needs OC to supply possession of its units to the purchasers. Without OC, the builder cannot handover the units to the purchasers
• The owners can also approach the consumer forum if they are not satisfied with the services provided by the builder. They can get their grievances solved if those are unaddressed due to certain reasons. 

Tips for Residents on Managing Society Maintenance Charges

Paying maintenance changes in apartment complexes can be smooth if residents follow some simple practices, ensuring transparency, fairness, and proper upkeep of shared facilities and services.

• Understand the Breakup: Review the monthly maintenance bill carefully to know how funds are allocated for security, cleaning, repairs, utilities and sinking fund. This ensures transparency and avoids disputes.
• Participate in Society Meetings: Attend AGM or committee meetings to discuss charges, suggest cost-saving measures, and stay informed about decisions that affect maintenance, ensuring everyone contributes fairly.
• Timely Payments and Records: Pay charges on time and keep receipts. Delayed payments may incur penalties. Proper records help in audits, legal compliance, and smooth financial management of the society.

Maintenance Charges on Flats

Normally residential societies collect maintenance charges as per the carpet area of the flat. Sometimes other variables are also considered if the units are of the same size.  A purchaser should be aware of the facilities to be provided.  The builders collect maintenance costs in advance for six months or one year. 

RERA Guidelines

The following provisions are laid down by the RERA:

• RERA Act mandates that all housing societies larger than 500 sq. m., or eight units should be registered with their State’s RERA before launching
• Ongoing projects without Completion Certificates(CC), as on the date of commencement of the Act, may be compelled to file for registration within 3 months. The authority can either settle for or reject the application within thirty days. Post acceptance of the registration request, the promoters need to supply mandatory details about the project on the website of RERA
• The failure to register with a housing society would involve a penalty of ten per cent of the overall project value or imprisonment of up to 3 years.
• Real estate agents helping with the sale or purchase of properties are required to register themselves with RERA. 

Supreme Court Ruling on Society Maintenance Charges

The maintenance charges should be paid by all unit purchasers. Irrespective of their occupancy, they must pay the amount. The developer must bear the maintenance charges for unsold flats till they are sold. A system needs to be chosen to incur maintenance charges from the home purchasers. There is no prescribed or recommended formula for charging the same.   According to the Real Estate Act of 2016, [7] every homeowner is liable to pay the maintenance charges for their unit in the housing society. 

Maintenance Charges

There are different aspects of Maintenance charges are as follows:

• Service charges include shared area electricity charges, power backup charges, security, housekeeping, equipment
• Expenses which include upkeep of the premises, elevators etc.

Apartment Maintenance Charges Rules and Regulations

As per RERA, the developer or promoter is responsible for maintaining the housing society until the RWA is formed. The home purchaser must pay the charges. The amount being collected by the builder as a maintenance charge should be reasonable. RERA has mandated the signing of an agreement between the promoter and purchaser. This agreement shows the amount that would be charged for maintenance. The cost breakdown and the frequency of collection should be mentioned. It becomes very transparent; nothing is hidden from the customer. RERA is the authority responsible for taking care of the rights of home buyers.  

How are Maintenance Charges for Flats Calculated?

There are many methods to calculate the maintenance charges for a unit of a housing society. Here are the ways: 

• Per square feet charge:  This is the most common method used by builders to calculate the maintenance charges. The amount varies depending on the area of the unit of the project. 
• Equal maintenance fees: Equal maintenance for all flats is the simplest and most convenient method of collecting maintenance fees. The same amount is charged from all the house owners of the project or society. Hybrid method: The maintenance charges are split into two. One part includes common expenses, and the other part includes area-based charges. 

Common Mistakes and Remedies in Paying Society Maintenance Charges

Residents often make errors when paying society fees, which can lead to disputes and penalties. Understanding common mistakes and remedies ensures smooth management, transparency, and compliance with society rules and law. Below are a few mistakes and remedies to keep an eye on:

How NoBroker Helps with Their Services

NoBroker simplifies society maintenance by helping residents pay fees, verify charges, and manage records efficiently. They also assist with rental agreements, legal support, property listings and tenant verification, ensuring smooth, transparent, and hassle-free property and society management.

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