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Home / Legal / Due Diligence / Before buying a resale flat, how do I actually find out if there is a pending court case or dispute on the property?
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Before buying a resale flat, how do I actually find out if there is a pending court case or dispute on the property?

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Scrutiny of Property Documents
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Before buying a resale flat, search the seller’s exact details on eCourts, NJDG and the relevant State High Court website, including pending, disposed and appealed cases. Obtain a 15–30-year Encumbrance Certificate to check for lis pendens and conduct a caveat search. Also verify the title chain and consult a property lawyer.
0 2026-08-18T10:55:19+00:00
To search for pending court cases on a property, enter the seller's name and property survey number into the eCourts and National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) portals. You must also obtain the latest Encumbrance Certificate (EC) to look for entries and perform a caveat search. As a law student, I have shared below how to check pending court case on a property.

How Do You Search for a Pending Court Case Before Buying a Flat?

Do these in the following order:
  • Collect the seller's exact information.
Keep the seller's full legal name, father's name, former or maiden name, and property survey or khata number. Even minor spelling errors can result in court searches missing a case.
  • Search eCourts.
Visit the official eCourts website (services.ecourts.gov.in) to look up the seller's name in both the property's and the seller's home districts. Check the pending, disposed, and under-appeal cases.
  • Check NJDG.
For a more extensive view of district court and High Court cases, use the National Judicial Data Grid search. This can help locate cases that may not occur in a single judicial system.
  • Search the State High Court.
Check the High Court website regularly for writ petitions, appeals, and other proceedings involving the seller or property.
  • Look for a caveat.
Search eCourts for a caveat. A caveat indicates that someone expects a case to be brought and wants to be alerted before any order is issued. It may not appear as a pending case.
  • Review the Encumbrance Certificate.
You must obtain the EC for at least 15 to 30 years. Look for any lis pendens entries, which indicate a pending property-related lawsuit.
  • Verify the title chain.
Consider the latest two or three ownership transfers, not simply the present seller's deed. A previous owner's conflict may still impact the property. Also, hire a property lawyer to verify the entire title history. Do not rely on a single check, such as the EC, because it may not reveal all legal issues. Performing various checks helps in identifying potential issues before purchasing a property. I hope this helps. Hire a NoBroker Property Lawyer for Pre-purchase Title Verification.

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Related Questions in Scrutiny of Property Documents

How do I independently verify a property's title before buying instead of just trusting the seller's lawyer?
Is a builder floor harder to resell or get a loan on?
I am buying a flat that currently has a tenant living in it. Do I get vacant possession right after registration, or does the existing lease continue with me as the new landlord?
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